In addition, search warrants are used by investigators, such as police and sheriffs departments, who do not have subpoena power.
Under both state and federal law, a law enforcement officer enforcing a search warrant may use and employ such force as may reasonably be necessary in the performance of the duties commanded by the warrant. This means that any person interfering with the search is subject to arrest and potential criminal charges. It also means that in executing the search the officer may disrupt normal business activities, obtain access to closed areas even if destruction or damage of property is required to gain access, and seize and remove documents and other property, including property which may contain the items being sought such as computers and back-up storage devices. An officer is given considerable discretion in determining how to proceed with execution of the warrant. However, the executing officer will typically allow someone who is not a target of the investigation (such as a bank, when its customer is being investigated) to voluntarily produce the items sought within a reasonable time. The very real threat to disrupt business by performing a full search of the premises is usually enough to obtain that persons cooperation.