Hello. This is my first post so please forgive me if I am replying incorrectly! I will hopefully learn along the way!
I wanted to reply to your comment "Unless local LE are a bunch of do-nothing Barney Fifes, we have to believe what their actions tell us." I live in the area, and I can assure you, the LE in Jake's city are very "gung-ho" on investigations overall. So, in my opinion, either a lot is being investigated behind the scenes (both for the disappearance, and for the police investigation that was initiated before Jake went missing), or as someone posted above, then the "criminal (?) investigation" mentioned by police is not serious enough to warrant an all-out search/national news coverage/plea by LE, or like you say, there must be clues that lead LE to believe that this was a voluntary disappearance.
I also have a question that someone may remember reading an answer to. Was Jake's WALLET ever mentioned in police reports/new media? I know he left his phone and exercise/fitness device at home, but was there mention of if his wallet was ever accounted for?