She told me that during her research on the net, she discovered just like you said, that planes aren't tracked every second and every minute. It it up to the pilots to "check in."
For example, she said let's say there is a trans-atlantic flight. Like let's say Washington-Paris or something. They go up close to Greenland so as to stay as close to any land as possible, in case of emergency landing. That's why the routes are usually curved routes instead of straight lines (which I never could understand).
But once the plane goes out over the deep ocean, there is no radar to track it. Because there are no radar installations in the ocean. Once they are on land, yes there is a lot of radar to track it. But not over the open ocean. So, what happens is that the pilots are required to check-in every 15 minutes during that time.
So let's pilots check in at 1:00, and in the next minutes something happens to the plane. Well whoever is monitoring it won't know anything is wrong until 1:15, which was the next scheduled time for the pilots to check-in.
It is actually pretty scary when one actually thinks about it.
JMO.
The weird thing is that I don't find it scary - I always assumed that was how it worked. Tracking every plane every minute without the voluntarily cooperation of pilots and other countries would be nearly impossible, interfere with military operations, and be of little benefit to anyone. We don't want everyone in the world to know where our planes are all the time, and our tracking capabilities allow us to fend off an attack. Imagine how many small planes and non-commercial flights fly every day - it would be a total disaster to monitor the whole planet and figure out who everyone was. Not to mention a huge expense and other countries wouldn't comply. I just kind of assumed the ocean is the wild west - you don't have signals out there, and it's not anyone's territory. If you get into trouble, no one is going to be able to come to your aid. It makes sense to stay near land, and rely on pilot information in case the instruments have issues, and vice versa. Well-trained pilots can do a lot more in emergency situations than machines - the less technology they trained with, the better. The one weak spot is a crazy pilot who drives his plane into the ocean, but I don't think it justifies the expense of implementing ocean monitoring systems - it wouldn't save any lives and it's unlikely to happen again any time soon.
And if you say "we should put radar out there" the question becomes "who is we?" A country has to make the decision to invest and monitor.
I guess I just feel that air travel has appropriate safeguards in place as far as the U.S. is concerned, and we can't force it on others. People seem to think air travel is a huge threat, but there are a lot of other things we spend our time monitoring. We have control over planes that enter and leave the U.S. - that threat is pretty under control. Other countries are not so lucky, but usually in that case air safety is the least of their problems.
Lawstudent,
That's good stuff. I have not qualified myself to speak to the veracity of your information, but it works for me. I wonder if China gets billed for "roaming" charges?
Fancy cars today use a key that is actually a transponder. Everytime that key is inserted into the ignition it sends an identifying code. Moreover, the code is a "rolling code" and the transponder in the key and the receiver in the ignition change that code every single time that key/transponder is used. I believe there may even be garage door openers that do the same thing. This resetting of the ID code happens seemlessly and automatically. But a pilot has to reset a transponder code manually?
Fancy cars today also have GPS. For the most part this is used simply for an onboard display that can show you your location on a map screen. For a fee, there is an additional service (such as OnStar) that adds them knowing where you are. That service includes such features as the car sending an automated distress to the service if the vehicle is in an accident that involves airbag deployment. Or, the operator of the vehicle can choose to initiate communication with the service by simply hitting an SOS button in the ceiling. And yes, that service can in fact communicate with your car and unlock the doors.
Lol I was going to make a roaming charges joke but thought better of it - I guess they probably just pay for both.
The reason a pilot does it manually is because of security. ATC will give them a code to say - we don't want it to be randomly automated because if is, it's easier to fake. He doesn't reset it - he enters it so that the plane 'repeats' it back to prove he heard. ATC probably has a random generator to get the codes to give him - but they don't want those codes to be available to whoever is watching out for planes, because that makes them worthless - they have to be secret so that only the pilot will know when they tell him. I'm not sure if they only end up doing it manually if there is a problem and the military can't verify the plane is squawking correctly and not trying to hide itself.
And planes could definitely have an OnStar type system, but I think the point is we don't want them to. We don't want an outsider being able to drive the plane - that's too risky with current technology that can be hacked. Maybe it happens in the military. And ACARs is essentially the same thing, minus the outside control - but it can be turned off or fail for whatever reason, just like I'm sure OnStar can be disabled or fail. Any GPS system has imperfect coverage. The point about crash awareness is interesting. I'm sure we could do that with planes, but it's not as necessary because unlike with a car accident, there are unlikely to be survivors to get to quickly, unless it crashes in a populated area, in which case no one needs notification. And, if the car was totally destroyed on impact, I wonder if that signal would ever go off. Air crashes are so devastating that an airbag-like trigger probably wouldn't be too helpful. And we usually figure out that a plane crashed very quickly anyways.
I guess one point that bears mentioning is that many things that people think were designed foolishly were intentionally designed that way for a competing reason. Military security is a big reason certain technologies people think would be helpful are not implemented - they want secrecy, or at least for any tracking that went on to remain classified.